STUDI KOMPARATIF ANTARA ASURANSI SYARIAH DENGAN ASURANSI KONVENSIONAL: SEJARAH, SUMBER HUKUM, MAYSIR, GHARAR, RIBA, DEWAN PENGAWAS SYARIAH, PENGELOLAAN RESIKO DAN PREMI
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to compare Conventional Insurance with Sharia Insurance in terms of principles, history, legal basis, clean from Maghrib (maisir, gharar, and riba), Sharia Supervisory Board, risk management, and premi. The research method employed is a literature review with a descriptive approach, which is part of qualitative research. The descriptive approach is chosen to depict the distinctions between Sharia and Conventional insurance. The findings reveal significant differences across all aspects examined between Conventional and Sharia Insurance. Conventional Insurance traces its history back to Babylonian practices around 4000-3000 BC, notably the Code of Hammurabi, while Sharia Insurance originates from pre-Islamic Arab customs (aqilah system), later sanctioned by Prophet Muhammad, drawing legal sources from positive law and fatwas from DSN-MUI. Conventional Insurance incorporates elements of maysir, gharar, and riba in its operations, which are absent in Sharia Insurance. Unlike Conventional Insurance, Sharia Insurance has an internal Sharia Supervisory Board to ensure compliance with Sharia principles. Risk management in conventional insurance involves transfer of risk, whereas Sharia Insurance focuses on sharing of risk. Premi in Conventional Insurance consist of mortality tables, interest, and insurance costs, whereas Sharia Insurance premi consist of tabarru’ (donation) and savings (for life insurance), or tabarru’ alone (for non-life insurance). The tabarru’ element is derived from mortality tables without interest calculations.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Agustin, Inneke Wahyu, "Perbandingan Pengembangan Asuransi Syariah di Indonesia dan Malaysia (Analisis Aliran Mazhab Sejarah dan Law as a Tool of Social Engineering)’, Al-Ahkam: Jurnal Ilmu Syari’ah dan Hukum, Vol. 5, No. 1, 2020.
Ali, Hasan, Asuransi dalam Perspektif Hukum Islam; Suatu Tinjauan Analisis Historis, Teoritis dan Praktis, Jakarta: Prenadamedia Group, 2004.
Ali, Zainuddin, Hukum Asuransi Syariah, Jakarta: Sinar Grafika, 2008.
Amrin, Abdullah, Asuransi Syariah: Keberadaan dan Kelebihannya di Tengah Asuransi Konvensional, Jakarta: PT. Elex Media Komputindo, 2006.
Dariana, "Perbandingan Mekanisme Asuransi Syariah dan Asuransi Konvensional Serta Prospeknya’, Iqtishaduna: Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi Kita, Vol. 2, No. 2, 2013.
Darmawi, Herman, Manajemen Risiko, Jakarta: Bumi Aksara, 2002.
Fauzi, Wetria, Hukum Asuransi di Indonesia, Padang: Andalas University Press, 2019.
Hanifah, Ana Lathifatul, "Asuransi Konvensional dan Asuransi Syariah dalam Hukum Islam Kontemporer’, As-Salam: Jurnal Studi Hukum Islam & Pendidikan, Vol. 6, No. 1, 2017.
Ibrahim Fikma Edrisy, Dkk, Hukum Asuransi, Bandar Lampung: Pusaka Media, 2023.
L. Man, Yovenska, "Aktualisasi Asuransi Syariah di Era Modern", Mizani: Wacana Hukum, Ekonomi dan Keagamaan, Vol. 4, No.1, 2017.
Linawati, "Asuransi Syariah dan Implementasi Asuransi Syariah dalam Perbankan Syariah", Saujana: Jurnal Perbankan Syariah dan Ekonomi Syariah, Vol. 2, No. 1, 2020.
Lubis, Ihsan Helmi dan Mu’adil Faizin, "Urgensi Etika dalam Keabsahan Jual Beli (Studi Kasus di Pasar Raya Sangkumpal Bonang)", Yurisprudentia: Jurnal Hukum Ekonomi, Vol. 9, No. 1, 2023.
Mahmuda, Imaniar dan Umi Karimatul Azizah, "Studi Komparasi Asuransi Syariah dengan Asuransi Konvensional", Jurnal Al-Yasini, Vol. 4, No. 1, 2019.
Mapuna, Hadi Daeng, "Asuransi Jiwa Syariah: Konsep dan Sistem Operasionalnya", Al-Risalah Jurnal Ilmu Syariah dan Hukum, Vol. 19, No. 1, 2019.
Maura Syafa’ah, Della dan Madian Muhammad Muchlis, "Sejarah Perkembangan Asuransi Syariah serta Perbedaannya dengan Asuransi Konvensional di Indonesia", Sinomika Journal: Publikasi Ilmiah Bidang Ekonomi dan Akuntansi, Vol. 1, No. 6, 2023.
Moh. Asra, and Rizqiyah, "Studi Komparatif Asuransi Shari’ah dan Konvensional", Istidlal: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Hukum Islam, Vol. 3, No. 2, 2019.
Moleong, Lexy J., Metodologi Penelitian Kualitatif, Cetakan ke (Bandung: PT. Remaja Rosdakarya, 2018)
Mukaromah, Lisa Aminatul, "Asuransi Syari’ah dan Asuransi Konvensional dalam Hukum Bisnis Islam’, Al-Maqashidi: Jurnal Hukum Islam Nusantara, Vol. 2, No. 1, 2019.
Muslehuddin, Mohammad, Asuransi dalam Islam, Jakarta: Bumi Aksara, 1997.
Nelly, Roos, "Perkembangan Asuransi Syariah", Juripol, Vol. 4, No. 1, 2021.
Nurhadi, "Analisis Perbandingan Asuransi Syariah dan Konvensional (Studi Polis PT. Prudential Life Assurance)", Iqtishaduna: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Keuangan Islam, Vol. 10, No. 1, 2019.
Rohmah, Wahidatur, dan Zainal Abidin, "Studi Komparatif Asuransi Syari’ah dan Asuransi Konvensional dalam Perspektif Hukum Islam", Al Munazharah: Jurnal Hukum, Pemikiran dan Keislaman, Vol. 1, No. 1, 2017.
Saputra, Sugen Eddy, "Takaful dan Asuransi Konvensional", Aktualita: Jurnal Penelitian Sosial dan Keagamaan, Vol. 12, No. 1, 2022.
Sholahuddin, Muhammad, Lembaga Ekonomi dan Keuangan Islam, Surakarta: Muhammadiyah University Press, 2006.
Siddiq, Muhammad, "Kedudukan Asuransi dalam Hukum Islam", Islamic Banking : Jurnal Pemikiran dan Pengembangan Perbankan Syariah, Vol. 2, No. 2, 2017.
Sipa, "Analisis Perbedaan antara Asuransi Syariah dengan Asuransi Konvensional", Econis: Journal of Economis and Business, Vol. 1, No. 2, 2023.
Soemitra, Andri, Asuransi Syariah, Medan: Wal Ashri Publishing, tt.
Sula, Muhammad Syakir, Asuransi Syariah (Life and General): Konsep dan Sistem Operasional, Jakarta: Gema Insani, 2004.
Supriyadi, Imam, "Asuransi Takaful (Kajian Komparasi dengan Asuransi Konvensional)", Profit: Jurnal Kajian Ekonomi dan Perbankan Syariah, Vol. 1, No. 1, 2017.
Suratman, Sukadi, dan Muhammad Junaidi, "Sistem Pengawasan Asuransi Syariah dalam Kajian Undang-Undang Nomor 40 Tahun 2014 tentang Perasuransian", Jurnal USM Law Review, Vol. 2, No. 1, 2019.
Wardoyo, Dwi U, dkk, "Perbandingan Penerapan Standar Akuntansi Keuangan Terhadap Asuransi Syariah dan Asuransi Konvensional pada Contract Insurance: Studi Literatur", Ulil Albab: Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin, Vol. 1, No. 8, 2022.
Winarno, Slamet Heri, "Analisis Perbandingan Asuransi Syariah dan Asuransi Konvensional", Moneter, Vol. 2, No. 1, 2015.
Yafie, K.H. Ali, Menggagas Fiqih Sosial : Dari Soal Lingkungan Hidup, Asuransi Hingga Ukhuwah, Bandung: Mizan, 1994.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24952/yurisprudentia.v10i1.11618
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2024 Yurisprudentia: Jurnal Hukum Ekonomi
![Creative Commons License](http://licensebuttons.net/l/by-nc-sa/4.0/88x31.png)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Yurisprudentia: Jurnal Hukum Ekonomi diterbitkan Institut Agama Islam Negeri Padangsidimpuan Fakultas Syariah dan Ilmu Hukum
Jl. T. Rizal Nurdin KM 4,5 Sihitang Padangsidimpuan
e-mail : yprudentia@gmail.com
ISSN CETAK: 2442-6822
ISSN ONLINE: 2580-5134
![Creative Commons License](https://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-nc-sa/4.0/88x31.png)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License