Criminalization of Beheading Perpetrators in the Digital Era: A Comparative Study between Jarīmah Ḥirābah and Indonesia's New Criminal Code

Zul Anwar Ajim Harahap* -  Universitas Islam Negeri Syekh Ali Hasan Ahmad Addary Padangsisimpuan, Indonesia

Abstract


Beheading in the digital era not only threatens the property and life safety of victims, but is also increasingly complex due to the use of information technology in planning, implementing, and spreading the impact of crime that causes fear in society. In Islamic criminal law, the act can be categorized as jarīmah ḥirābah because it contains elements of violence, property grabbing, and terror to public security, while in Indonesia's New Criminal Code, beheading is regulated as a criminal act against property accompanied by violence. This study aims to analyze and compare the purpose of punishment for the perpetrators of beheading in the perspective of jarīmah ḥirābah and the Indonesian New Criminal Code. The research uses normative legal methods with legislative, conceptual, and comparative approaches. Data was obtained through literature studies of Islamic legal sources, laws and regulations, and relevant scientific literature. The results of the study show that the purpose of criminalization in jarīmah ḥirābah is oriented towards community protection, crime prevention, justice enforcement, and maintenance of the public welfare, while Indonesia's New Criminal Code emphasizes a balance between community protection, perpetrator development, victim recovery, and social reintegration. The novelty of this research lies in a comparative study of the purpose of criminal beheading in the digital era by placing the concept of jarīmah ḥirābah as a framework of analysis in the context of contemporary Indonesian criminal law.

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References


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24952/.v2i1.20337

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