Reconstructing the Enforcement Power of Civil Judgments through a National Enforcement Officer to Achieve Effective Judicial Enforcement

A. Wafi; Ellydar Chaidir; Efendi Ibnususilo; Suparto Suparto; Surizki Febrianto

doi:10.24952/el-thawalib.v7i4.21062

Reconstructing the Enforcement Power of Civil Judgments through a National Enforcement Officer to Achieve Effective Judicial Enforcement

A. Wafi* - Universitas Islam Riau, Indonesia

Ellydar Chaidir - Universitas Islam Riau, Indonesia

Efendi Ibnususilo - Universitas Islam Riau, Indonesia

Suparto Suparto - Universitas Islam Riau, Indonesia

Surizki Febrianto - Universitas Islam Riau, Indonesia

Abstract

This study examines the crisis of enforcement efficacy in the Indonesian civil justice system—a structural irony in which the coercive power of state bailiffs has proven ineffective. Even when a judicial decision has attained the status of inkracht van gewijsde (final and binding), empirical evidence reveals a stagnation in the realization of rights, thereby fundamentally undermining the essence of legal protection for litigants. Employing a normative legal research methodology grounded in conceptual, statutory, and cross-jurisdictional comparative approaches, the study utilizes primary legal sources (legislation and relevant legal instruments), secondary sources (scholarly journals from the last decade, legal doctrine or communis opinio doctorum, and official reports), and tertiary sources; data were collected via documentation techniques and analyzed using a deductive-qualitative method. The findings indicate that reconstructing enforcement power through a "National Enforcement Officer" model is essential to bridge the gap between court judgments and the actual realization of the prevailing party's rights. This model enhances the professionalism of enforcement officials, inter-agency coordination, and the oversight of enforcement proceedings, ensuring they operate effectively and proportionately. Consequently, enforcement ceases to be merely an administrative stage and becomes an integral component of effective judicial enforcement, guaranteeing the actual implementation of court rulings

Keywords

Coercion, Effective Judicial Enforcement, National Enforcement Officer

Full Text:

PDF

References

Aziezi, M. Tanziel, Nur Syarifah, Liza Farihah, dkk. Kertas Kebijakan Penguatan Sistem Eksekusi Sengketa Perdata di Indonesia, 2019. Lembaga Kajian dan Advokasi Independensi Peradilan, 2019.

A. Fikri, "Dinamika Pelaksanaan Eksekusi Putusan Pengadilan Perdata Yang Telah Memiliki Kekuatan Hukum Tetap," Journal of Innovative and Creativity 3, No. 1 (2025).

A. Supriyadi, "Kendala Yuridis Eksekusi Lelang Pada Pengadilan Negeri Tingkat Pertama," Jurnal Keadilan Sipil 11, No. 2 (2020).

A.A. Sagung Yuni Wulantrisna et al., "Effectiveness of Civil Judgment Execution in the Semarapura District Court," JOSS: Journal of Social Science 4, No. 9 (2025).

Adi Fathurrozi, "Peran Etika Advokat dalam Penyelesaian Sengketa Manipulasi Data Pada Hukum Keluarga Islam," Jurnal Ilmiah Global Education 6, No. 2 (2025).

Appludnopsanji et al., "Reformasi Sistem Peradilan Pidana Indonesia Berwawasan Pancasila," Kertha Wicaksana: Sarana Komunikasi Dosen dan Mahasiswa 15, No. 1 (2021).

Budi Santoso, "Studi Kasus Hambatan Pelaksanaan Eksekusi Akibat Kesalahan Pengetikan Amar Putusan Perdata," Jurnal Hukum Lex Generalis 5, No. 10 (2025).

CEPEJ (European Commission for the Efficiency of Justice). "Guidelines for a better implementation of the existing Council of Europe's recommendation on enforcement," CEPEJ (2009)11REV2, Strasbourg, 2009.

D. Kusuma, "Gerechtsdeurwaarder: Perbandingan Sistem Eksekusi Perdata. Eropa dan Asia," Jurnal Hukum Internasional 18, No. 2 (2021).

Dewi Oktavia et al., "Analisis Putusan Nomor 792/Pdt.G/2018/PA.Kla Tentang Pelaksanaan Putusan Dwangsom dan Kontribusinya dalam Pembaruan Hukum Keluarga Islam di Indonesia," Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Mabahits 6, No. 1 (2025).

Divani Tsamara Madiyya, Naurah Alfi Mufidah Anwar, Amandha Ayu Bunga Syabina, dkk. “Analysis Of The Civil Decision Execution Mechanism In The Indonesian Judicial System.” Multidisciplinary Indonesian Center Journal (MICJO) 3, no. 1 (2026): 147–53. https://doi.org/10.62567/micjo.v3i1.1531.

Dona Loedi Ellizabeth et al., "Tantangan Perlindungan Hukum Desain Industri dalam Penyelesaian Sengketa di Indonesia," Jurnal Pemberdayaan: Publikasi Hasil Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat 4, No. 1 (2025).

Dwanda Julisa Sistyawan et al., "Pengesahan Identitas Dalam Aspek Hukum Pada Penetapan Beda Nama Studi Kasus Perdata Nomor 43/Pdt.P/2024/PN.Tmg," Justitia Et Pax Jurnal Hukum 41, No. 1 (2025).

Eryanto Nugroho, Asfinawati, dan Estu Dyah Arifianti. Panduan Eksekusi Putusan Perdata di Indonesia. Jakarta: Pusat Studi Hukum dan Kebijakan Indonesia (PSHK), 2019.

Fauziah Lubis et al., "Analisis Verzet Terhadap Putusan Verstek dalam Hukum Acara Perdata," Jurnal Riset Rumpun Ilmu Sosial, Politik dan Humaniora 4, No. 2 (2025).

Fricero, Natalie. "The Judicial Officer: A Profession for the Future." International Union of Judicial Officers (UIHJ), Paris, 2020.

Geofanny M.C. Runtu, dkk., "Prosedur Pelaksanaan Eksekusi Putusan Pengadilan Dalam Perkara Perdata," Lex Administratum 12, No. 4 (2024).

H. Pratama, "Reformasi Juru Sita Dalam Sistem Peradilan Indonesia: Suatu Keniscayaan," Journal of Law and Policy 3, No. 4 (2022).

Hartati, Ralang, dan Syafrida Syafrida. “Hambatan Dalam Eksekusi Perkara Perdata.” ADIL: Jurnal Hukum 12, no. 1 (2021). https://doi.org/10.33476/ajl.v12i1.1919.

Hasanah, Uswatun, Tasya Aulia, Nikmatul Wardiah Pulungan, Naja Hafizha Shaleh, Nazwa Ramadhani, dan Fauziah Lubis. “Hambatan Pelaksanaan Eksekusi Perkara Perdata.” Jurnal Penelitian Multidisiplin Terpadu 9, no. 5 (2025).

I Nengah Gardhita Arsa Putra dan Jeremy Kevin Parlindungan Silaban, "Penerapan Kecerdasan Artifisial dalam Pengawasan Kekuasaan Kehakiman sebagai Upaya Mereduksi Disparitas Putusan Pidana di Indonesia," Ma'mal: Jurnal Laboratorium Syariah dan Hukum 5, No. 4 (2024).

Iin Winarni dan Harjono, "Studi Kajian Tentang Pelaksanaan Sita Persamaan (Vergelijkende Beslag) Dalam Perkara Perdata," Jurnal Verstek 9, No. 1 (2021).

Ika Darmika, "Budaya Hukum dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Penegakan Hukum di Indonesia," Jurnal Hukum 2, No. 3 (2016).

Ismayil Garibli, "The Procedure for the Enforcement of Court Decisions in Civil Cases," Global Spectrum of Research and Humanities 2, No. 5 (2025).

Joel Natanael dan Marshella Putriana Sari, "Problematika dan Tantangan Penegakan Putusan Litigasi Kenegaraan dalam Sistem Hukum Indonesia," SAKOLA - Journal of Sains Cooperative Learning and Law 2, No. 1 (2025).

M. Yahya Harahap, Ruang Lingkup Permasalahan Eksekusi Bidang Perdata (Jakarta: Sinar Grafika, 2017).

Nataliia Lytvyn et al., "Enforcement of Court Decisions as a Social Guarantee of Protection of Citizens Rights and Freedoms," Prawo i Więź 1, No. 39 (2022).

R. Setiawan, "Strategi Hukum dalam Pelaksanaan Eksekusi Putusan Hakim di Indonesia," Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 9, No. 1 (2021).

Rahmah Mutiara M. dan Anna Erliyana, "Hambatan Eksekusi Putusan Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara Studi Kasus Putusan Penetapan Calon Anggota DPD," Justisi 7, No. 1 (2021).

Retnowulan Sutantio dan Iskandar Oeripkartawinata. Hukum Acara Perdata dalam Teori dan Praktek. Bandung: Mandar Maju, 2005.

Runtu, Geofanny M. C. “Prosedur Pelaksanaan Eksekusi Putusan Pengadilan Dalam Perkara Perdata.” Lex Administratum 12, no. 4 (2024).

Septiani, Adinda, Ovia Rahmawati Ovia Rahmawati, dan Anggi Sri Haryati Simarmata. “Analisis Hambatan Pelaksanaan Eksekusi Putusan Hakim Perdata Dan Upaya Penyelesaiannya Di Indonesia.” Causa: Jurnal Hukum dan Kewarganegaraan 16, no. 6 (2026). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.6679/ns10hr64.

Suhendar dan Rino Dedi Aringga, "Equality Before the Law in Law Enforcement in Indonesia," Sinergi International Journal of Law 2, No. 1 (2024).

Tari Corisa Arina Putri et al., "Direksi Hakim atau Kepatuhan Hukum: Analisis Dasar Pertimbangan Putusan Bebas dalam Perkara Korupsi di Pengadilan Tipikor Bengkulu," Qisthosia: Jurnal Syariah & Hukum 6, No. 1 (2025).

Uitdehaag, Jos. "The Dutch Bailiff System: A Model of Liberal Profession." International Journal of Court Administration 3, No. 1 (2010).

Vasyl Omelchuk dan Mykola Berdar, "Legal Framework for the Development of an Effective System of Enforcement in Ukraine," Visegrad Journal on Human Rights No. 5 (2023).

Wulantrisna, A. A. Sagung Yuni, Ni Ketut Wiratny, dan Erikson Sihotang. “Effectiveness Of Civil Judgment Execution In The Semarapura District Court.” Journal of Social Science (JoSS) 4, no. 9 (2025): 624–36. https://doi.org/10.57185/joss.v4i9.492.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24952/el-thawalib.v7i4.21062