Editorial Policies

Focus and Scope

Bioedunis Journal is an international, peer-reviewed publication dedicated to bridging the gap between scientific research and classroom practice. The journal provides a dynamic platform for information, innovative ideas, opinions, and critical evaluations of advancements in biology research, teaching, and learning. By covering policy changes and curriculum developments, it highlights the latest research outcomes in the instruction, learning, and assessment of biology. The journal accepts and publishes original research articles and comprehensive reviews (scientific papers) centered on biology education and the practical application of biological research in teaching environments. Every submission must align with at least one of the following key themes: "21st-century skills in biology education" or "Efforts to support the achievements of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) through biology education."

All manuscripts must be submitted in English and will undergo a rigorous peer-review process.

From both a thematic and disciplinary perspective, the scope of Bioedunis Journal encompasses the following areas:

Instructional Materials: Biology teaching and learning materials across all educational levels.
Research & Development (R&D): Pure biological research adapted or developed into educational sources, materials, or instructional media using the R&D paradigm.
Curriculum Design: Biology education curricula at all levels of education.
Pedagogical Methodologies: Quasi-experiments, Classroom Action Research (CAR), and Lesson Studies applied to biology teaching and learning.
Qualitative Studies: Qualitative research focused on biology education or biology.
Educational Metrics: Biology learning evaluation and assessment strategies.
Professional Standards: Contemporary issues and trends in professional development for biology teachers.
Cognitive Skills: Higher-Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) in biology education.
General Science: Core issues and advancements in broader science education.
Values Integration: The integration of Islamic values with biology education or biological sciences.
Ecological Sciences: Biodiversity, conservation biology, ecology, and environmental biology.
Applied Sciences: Biotechnology and applied biology.

Bioedunis Journal operates within a broader global context: it welcomes contributions from international authors worldwide, and publishes works that offer significant implications for solving local biology education issues or possess strong potential for global application and international impact.

Section Policies

Articles

Open Submissions

Indexed

Peer Reviewed

Peer Review Process

Peer Review Process

Bioedunis Journal uses an online submission and review system. The submission and peer review of every article must be managed using this system and based on the following Peer Review Policy.

Bioedunis Journal Editorial Board is responsible for the selection of papers and the selection of reviewers.
Articles must typically be reviewed by at least two independent reviewers.
Reviewers are unaware of the identity of the authors, and authors are also unaware of the identity of reviewers (double blind review)
The reviewing process will consider novelty, objectivity, method, scientific impact, conclusion, and references.
When conducting reviews, reviewers must adhere to the guidelines regarding the use of of AI in peer review
The final decision of manuscript acceptance shall be made by the Editorial Board according to reviewers' critical comments.
Section Editor will send the final decision regarding the submission to the corresponding author based on the reviewer’s recommendation.
Bioedunis Journal Editorial Board shall protect the confidentiality of all material submitted to the journal and all communications with reviewers.

Review Outcomes

Utilizing feedback from the peer review process, the Editor will make a final publication decision. The review process will take approximately 4 to 12 weeks. Decisions categories include:

Reject - Rejected manuscripts will not be published and authors will not have the opportunity to resubmit a revised version of the manuscript to BIOEDUNIS JOURNAL.
Resubmit for Review– The submission needs to be re-worked, but with significant changes, may be accepted. However, it will require a second round of review.
Accept with Revisions - Manuscripts receiving an accept-pending-revisions decision will be published in BIOEDUNIS JOURNAL under the condition that minor/major modifications are made. Revisions will be reviewed by an editor to ensure necessary updates are made prior to publication.
Accept - Accepted manuscripts will be published in the current form with no further modifications required.

Correspondence

All correspondence concerning manuscripts should be directed to the Editor of Bioedunis Journal and cc to bioedunis@iain-padangsidimpuan.ac.id. The Editor will direct all correspondence to the lead author; the lead author is responsible for sharing communications with other authors. Beyond communication concerning the review, manuscripts accepted for publication may require additional correspondence to complete copyediting and layout editing.

Open Access Policy

This journal provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge.

Publication Ethics

Bioedunis Journal is a journal aims to be a leading peer-reviewed platform and an authoritative source of information. We publish original research papers and review articles biological education as well as related topics that has neither been published elsewhere in any language, nor is it under review for publication anywhere. This following statement clarifies ethical behavior of all parties involved in the act of publishing an article in this journal, including the author, the editor, the reviewer, and the publisher. This statement is based on COPE’s Best Practice Guidelines.

Allegation of Research Misconduct

Research misconduct means fabrication, falsification, citation manipulation, or plagiarism in producing, performing, or reviewing research and writing an article by authors, or in reporting research results. When authors are found to have been involved with research misconduct or other serious irregularities involving articles that have been published in scientific journals, Editors have a responsibility to ensure the accuracy and integrity of the scientific record.

In cases of suspected misconduct, the Editors and Editorial Board will use the best practices of COPE to assist them to resolve the complaint and address the misconduct fairly. This will include an investigation of the allegation by the Editors. A submitted manuscript that is found to contain such misconduct will be rejected. In cases where a published paper is found to contain such misconduct, a retraction can be published and will be linked to the original article.

The first step involves determining the validity of the allegation and an assessment of whether the allegation is consistent with the definition of research misconduct. This initial step also involves determining whether the individuals alleging misconduct have relevant conflicts of interest.

If scientific misconduct or the presence of other substantial research irregularities is a possibility, the allegations are shared with the corresponding author, who, on behalf of all of the coauthors, is requested to provide a detailed response. After the response is received and evaluated, additional review and involvement of experts (such as statistical reviewers) may be obtained. For cases in which it is unlikely that misconduct has occurred, clarifications, additional analyses, or both, published as letters to the editor, and often including a correction notice and correction to the published article are sufficient.

Institutions are expected to conduct an appropriate and thorough investigation of allegations of scientific misconduct. Ultimately, authors, journals, and institutions have an important obligation to ensure the accuracy of the scientific record. By responding appropriately to concerns about scientific misconduct, and taking necessary actions based on evaluation of these concerns, such as corrections, retractions with replacement, and retractions, Bioedunis Journal will continue to fulfill the responsibilities of ensuring the validity and integrity of the scientific record.

Complaints and Appeals

Bioedunis Journal will have a clear procedure for handling complaints against the journal, Editorial Staff, Editorial Board or Publisher. The complaints will be clarified to the respected person with respect to the case of complaint. The scope of complaints include anything related to the journal business process, i.e. editorial process, found citation manipulation, unfair editor/reviewer, peer-review manipulation, etc. The complaint cases will be processed according to COPE guideline.

Ethical Oversight

If the research work involves chemicals, human, animals, procedures or equipment that have any unusual hazards inherent in their use, the author must clearly identify these in the manuscript in order to obey ethical conduct of research using animals and human subjects. If required, Authors must provide legal ethical clearance from the association or legal organization.

If the research involves confidential data and of business/marketing practices, authors should clearly justify this matter whether the data or information will be hidden securely or not.

Duties of Authors

Reporting Standards: Authors should present an accurate account of the original research performed as well as an objective discussion of its significance. Researchers should present their results honestly and without fabrication, falsification or inappropriate data manipulation. A manuscript should contain sufficient detail and references to permit others to replicate the work. Fraudulent or knowingly inaccurate statements constitute unethical behavior and are unacceptable. Manuscripts should follow the submission guidelines of the journal.
Data Access, Retention and Reproducibility: Authors are asked to provide the raw data in connection with a paper for editorial review, and should be prepared to provide public access to such data, if practicable, and should in any event be prepared to retain such data for a reasonable time after publication. Authors are responsible for data reproducibility.
Originality and Plagiarism: Authors must ensure that they have written entirely original work. The manuscript should not be submitted concurrently to more than one publication unless the editors have agreed to co-publication. Relevant previous work and publications, both by other researchers and the authors’ own, should be properly acknowledged and referenced. The primary literature should be cited where possible. Original wording taken directly from publications by other researchers should appear in quotation marks with the appropriate citations.
Multiple, Redundant, or Concurrent Publications: Author should not in general submit the same manuscript to more than one journal concurrently. It is also expected that the author will not publish redundant manuscripts or manuscripts describing same research in more than one journal. Submitting the same manuscript to more than one journal concurrently constitutes unethical publishing behavior and is unacceptable. Multiple publications arising from a single research project should be clearly identified as such and the primary publication should be referenced
Acknowledgement of Sources: Authors should acknowledge all sources of data used in the research and cite publications that have been influential in determining the nature of the reported work. Proper acknowledgment of the work of others must always be given.
Authorship and Contributorship of the Paper: The authorship of research publications should accurately reflect individuals’ contributions to the work and its reporting. Authorship should be limited to those who have made a significant contribution to conception, design, execution or interpretation of the reported study. Others who have made significant contribution must be listed as co-authors. In cases where major contributors are listed as authors while those who made less substantial, or purely technical, contributions to the research or to the publication are listed in an acknowledgement section. Authors also ensure that all the authors have seen and agreed to the submitted version of the manuscript and their inclusion of names as co-authors.
Disclosure and Conflicts of Interest:All authors should clearly disclose in their manuscript any financial or other substantive conflict of interest that might be construed to influence the results or interpretation of their manuscript. All sources of financial support for the project should be disclosed.
Fundamental Errors in Published Works: If the author discovers a significant error or inaccuracy in the submitted manuscript, then the author should promptly notify the journal editor or publisher and cooperate with the editor to retract or correct the paper.
Hazards and Human or Animal Subjects: The author should clearly identify in the manuscript if the work involves chemicals, procedures or equipment that have any unusual hazards inherent in their use.

Duties of Editor

Publication Decisions: Based on the review report of the editorial board, the editor can accept, reject, or request modifications to the manuscript. The validation of the work in question and its importance to researchers and readers must always drive such decisions. The editors may be guided by the policies of the journal's editorial board and constrained by such legal requirements as shall then be in force regarding libel, copyright infringement and plagiarism. The editors may confer with other editors or reviewers in making this decision. Editors have to take responsibility for everything they publish and should have procedures and policies in place to ensure the quality of the material they publish and maintain the integrity of the published record.
Review of Manuscripts: Editor must ensure that each manuscript is initially evaluated by the editor for originality. The editor should organize and use peer review fairly and wisely. Editors should explain their peer review processes in the information for authors and also indicate which parts of the journal are peer reviewed. Editor should use appropriate peer reviewers for papers that are considered for publication by selecting people with sufficient expertise and avoiding those with conflicts of interest.
Fair Play: The editor must ensure that each manuscript received by the journal is reviewed for its intellectual content without regard to sex, gender, race, religion, citizenship, etc. of the authors. An important part of the responsibility to make fair and unbiased decisions is the upholding of the principle of editorial independence and integrity. Editors are in a powerful position by making decisions on publications, which makes it very important that this process is as fair and unbiased as possible.
Confidentiality: The editor must ensure that information regarding manuscripts submitted by the authors is kept confidential. Editors should critically assess any potential breaches of data protection and patient confidentiality. This includes requiring properly informed consent for the actual research presented, consent for publication where applicable.
Disclosure and Conflicts of Interest: The editor of the Journal will not use unpublished materials disclosed in a submitted manuscript for his own research without written consent of the author. Editors should not be involved in decisions about papers in which they have a conflict of interest

Duties of Reviewers

Contribution to Editorial Decisions: Peer review assists the editor in making editorial decisions and through the editorial communications with the author may also assist the author in improving the paper.
Confidentiality: Information regarding manuscripts submitted by authors should be kept confidential and be treated as privileged information. They must not be shown to or discussed with others except as authorized by the editor.
Acknowledgement of Sources: Reviewers must ensure that authors have acknowledged all sources of data used in the research. Reviewers should identify relevant published work that has not been cited by the authors. Any statement that an observation, derivation, or argument had been previously reported should be accompanied by the relevant citation. The reviewers should notify the journal immediately if they come across any irregularities, have concerns about ethical aspects of the work, are aware of substantial similarity between the manuscript and a concurrent submission to another journal or a published article, or suspect that misconduct may have occurred during either the research or the writing and submission of the manuscript; reviewers should, however, keep their concerns confidential and not personally investigate further unless the journal asks for further information or advice.
Standards of Objectivity: Review of submitted manuscripts must be done objectively and the reviewers should express their views clearly with supporting arguments. The reviewers should follow journals’ instructions on the specific feedback that is required of them and, unless there are good reasons not to. The reviewers should be constructive in their reviews and provide feedback that will help the authors to improve their manuscript. The reviewer should make clear which suggested additional investigations are essential to support claims made in the manuscript under consideration and which will just strengthen or extend the work
Disclosure and Conflict of Interest: Privileged information or ideas obtained through peer review must be kept confidential and not used for personal advantage. Reviewers should not consider manuscripts in which they have conflicts of interest resulting from competitive, collaborative, or other relationships or connections with any of the authors, companies, or institutions connected to the papers. In the case of double-blind review, if they suspect the identity of the author(s) notify the journal if this knowledge raises any potential conflict of interest.
Promptness: The reviewers should respond in a reasonable time-frame. The reviewers only agree to review a manuscript if they are fairly confident they can return a review within the proposed or mutually agreed time-frame, informing the journal promptly if they require an extension. In the event that a reviewer feels it is not possible for him/her to complete review of manuscript within stipulated time then this information must be communicated to the editor, so that the manuscript could be sent to another reviewer.

Intellectual Property (Copyright Policy)

The Author(s) warrant that their manuscript is their original work that has not been published before; that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere; and that its publication has been approved by all co-authors, if any, as well as tacitly or explicitly by the responsible authorities at the institution where the work was carried out. The Author(s) affirm that the article contains no unfounded or unlawful statements and does not violate the rights of others. If copyrighted works are included, the Author(s) bear responsibility to obtain written permission from the copyright owners. The Corresponding author, as the signing author, warrants that he/she has full power to make this grant on behalf of the Author(s).

By signing this agreement, the Corresponding author grants to the Publisher the following rights to the Manuscript, including any supplemental material, and any parts, extracts or elements thereof:

the right to reproduce and distribute the Manuscript in printed form, including print-on-demand;
the right to produce prepublications, reprints, and special editions of the Manuscript;
the right to translate the Manuscript into other languages;
the right to reproduce the Manuscript using photomechanical or similar means including, but not limited to photocopy, and the right to distribute these reproductions;
the right to reproduce and distribute the Manuscript electronically or optically on any and all data carriers or storage media – especially in machine readable/digitalized form on data carriers such as hard drive, CD-Rom, DVD, Blu-ray Disc (BD), Mini-Disk, data tape – and the right to reproduce and distribute the Article via these data carriers;
the right to store the Manuscript in databases, including online databases, and the right of transmission of the Manuscript in all technical systems and modes;
the right to make the Manuscript available to the public or to closed user groups on individual demand, for use on monitors or other readers (including e-books), and in printable form for the user, either via the internet, other online services, or via internal or external networks.

Articles published in the Journal are Open-Access articles distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

The Journal allows Author(s) to deposit Author's Post-print (accepted version) and Publisher's version/PDF in an institutional repository and non-commercial subject-based repositories, such as PubMed Central, Europe PMC, arXiv, DOAJ, ERIC, and other repositories, or to publish it on Author's personal website and departmental website (including social networking sites, such as ResearchGate, Academia.edu, etc.), at any time after publication. Publisher copyright and source must be acknowledged and a link must be made to the article's DOI.

Upon receiving the proofs, the Author(s) agree to promptly check the proofs carefully, correct any typographical errors, and authorize the publication of the corrected proofs.

The Corresponding author agrees to inform his/her co-authors, of any of the above terms.

Peer-Review Process Policy

Reviewing process will consider novelty, objectivity, method, scientific impact, conclusion, and references. Reviewers' comments will be sent to the corresponding author for necessary actions and responses. Editorial Board will evaluate the reviewer’s comment and then send the final decision regarding the submission to the corresponding author based on reviewer’s recommendation.

Plagiarism Screening Policy

Bioedunis Journal will immediately investigate and reject papers leading to plagiarism or self-plagiarism. BIOEDUNIS JOURNAL Editorial Board will ensure that every published article will not exceed 25% similarity Score.

Post-Publication Discussions and Corrections

Bioedunis Journal accepts discussion and corrections on published articles by reader. In case the reader giving discussions and corrections toward a published article, the reader can contact by email to Editor in Chief by explaining the discussions and corrections. If accepted (by Editor in Chief), the discussions and correction will be published in next issue as Letter to Editor. Respected Authors can reply/answer the discussions and corrections from the reader by sending the reply to Editor in Chief. Therefore, Editors may publish the answer as Reply to Letter to Editor.

Article Withdrawal Policy

Standards for dealing with article withdrawal, article retraction, article removal, and article replacement on Bioedunis Journal Policy:

It is a general principle of scholarly communication that the editor of a learned journal is solely and independently responsible for deciding which articles submitted to the journal shall be published. In making this decision the editor is guided by policies of the journal's editorial board and constrained by such legal requirements in force regarding libel, copyright infringement and plagiarism. An outcome of this principle is the importance of the scholarly archive as a permanent, historic record of the transactions of scholarship. Articles that have been published shall remain extant, exact and unaltered as far as is possible. However, very occasionally circumstances may arise where an article is published that must later be retracted or even removed. Such actions must not be undertaken lightly and can only occur under exceptional circumstances. In all cases, our official archives at the National Library of the Netherlands will retain all article versions, including retracted or otherwise removed articles.

This policy has been designed to address these concerns and to take into account current best practice in the scholarly and library communities. As standards evolve and change, we will revisit this issue and welcome the input of scholarly and library communities. We believe these issues require international standards and we will be active in lobbying various information bodies to establish international standards and best practices that the publishing and information industries can adopt. See also the National Library of Medicine's policy on retractions and the recommendations of the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) concerning corrections and retractions.

Article withdrawal

Only used for Articles in Press which represent early versions of articles and sometimes contain errors, or may have been accidentally submitted twice. Occasionally, but less frequently, the articles may represent infringements of professional ethical codes, such as multiple submission, bogus claims of authorship, plagiarism, fraudulent use of data or the like. Articles in Press (articles that have been accepted for publication but which have not been formally published and will not yet have the complete volume/issue/page information) that include errors, or are discovered to be accidental duplicates of other published article(s), or are determined to violate our journal publishing ethics guidelines in the view of the editors (such as multiple submission, bogus claims of authorship, plagiarism, fraudulent use of data or the like), may be “Withdrawn” from BIOEDUNIS JOURNAL Archive. Withdrawn means that the article content (HTML and PDF) is removed and replaced with a HTML page and PDF simply stating that the article has been withdrawn according to the BIOEDUNIS JOURNAL Policy on Article in Press Withdrawal with a link to the current policy document.

Article retraction

Infringements of professional ethical codes, such as multiple submission, bogus claims of authorship, plagiarism, fraudulent use of data or the like. Occasionally a retraction will be used to correct errors in submission or publication. The retraction of an article by its authors or the editor under the advice of members of the scholarly community has long been an occasional feature of the learned world. Standards for dealing with retractions have been developed by a number of library and scholarly bodies, and this best practice is adopted for article retraction by BIOEDUNIS JOURNAL:

A retraction note titled “Retraction: [article title]” signed by the authors and/or the editor is published in the paginated part of a subsequent issue of the journal and listed in the contents list.
In the electronic version, a link is made to the original article.
The online article is preceded by a screen containing the retraction note. It is to this screen that the link resolves; the reader can then proceed to the article itself.
The original article is retained unchanged save for a watermark on the .pdf indicating on each page that it is “retracted.”
The HTML version of the document is removed.

The mechanism of retraction follows the Retraction Guidelines of Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) which can be accessed at https://publicationethics.org/files/retraction-guidelines-cope.pdf

Article removal: legal limitations

In an extremely limited number of cases, it may be necessary to remove an article from the online database. This will only occur where the article is clearly defamatory, or infringes others’ legal rights, or where the article is, or we have good reason to expect it will be, the subject of a court order, or where the article, if acted upon, might pose a serious health risk. In these circumstances, while the metadata (Title and Authors) will be retained, the text will be replaced with a screen indicating the article has been removed for legal reasons.

Article replacement

In cases where the article, if acted upon, might pose a serious health risk, the authors of the original article may wish to retract the flawed original and replace it with a corrected version. In these circumstances the procedures for retraction will be followed with the difference that the database retraction notice will publish a link to the corrected re-published article and a history of the document.

Plagiarism Policy

Bioedunis Journal published by Biology Education Fakultas Tarbiyah dan Ilmu Keguruan UIN Syekh Ali Hasan Ahmad Addary Padangsidimpuan recognizes that plagiarism is not acceptable for all authors and therefore establishes the following policy stating specific actions (penalties) when plagiarism is identified by anti-plagiarism software detection using Turnitin software (https://www.turnitin.com) in an article that is submitted for publication.

“Plagiarism is copying another person’s text or ideas and passing the copied material as your own work. You must both delineate (i.e., separate and identify) the copied text from your text and give credit to (i.e., cite the source) the source of the copied text to avoid accusations of plagiarism. Plagiarism is considered fraud and has potentially harsh consequences including loss of a job, loss of reputation, and the assignation of reduced or failing grade in a course."

This definition of plagiarism applies to copied texts and ideas:

Regardless of the source of the copied text or idea.
Regardless of whether the author(s) of the text or idea which you have copied actually copied that text or idea from another source.
Regardless of whether or not the authorship of the text or idea which you copy is known
Regardless of the nature of your text (journal paper/article, web page, book chapter, paper submitted for a college course, etc) into which you copy the text or idea
Regardless of whether or not the author of the source of the copied material gives permission for the material to be copied; and
Regardless of whether you are or are not the author of the source of the copied text or idea (self-plagiarism).

When plagiarism is identified by the Plagiarism Checker (using Turnitin software), the Editorial Board is responsible for the review of this paper and will agree on measures according to the extent of plagiarism detected in the article in agreement with the following guidelines:

1. Minor Plagiarism: A small sentence or short paragraph of another manuscript is plagiarized without any significant data or ideas taken from the other papers or publications.

Punishment: A warning is given to the authors and a request to change the manuscript and properly cite the original sources.

2. Intermediate Plagiarism: A significant data, paragraph, or sentence of an article is plagiarized without proper citation to the original source.

Punishment: The submitted article is automatically rejected.

3. Severe Plagiarism: A large portion of an article is plagiarized that involves many aspects such as reproducing original results (data, formulation, equation, law, statement, etc.), ideas, and methods presented in other publications.
Punishment: The paper is automatically rejected and the authors are forbidden to submit further articles to the journal.

The similarity level tolerated for papers submitted to the Bioedunis Journal must have a similarity level of less than 20%.

Author Guidelines

Bioedunis Journal accepts biology education research manuscripts that have not been published and are not currently in the process of scientific publication elsewhere. The manuscript texts are written in English. Manuscripts in English will be first reviewed by editorial staff. The main text of a manuscript must be submitted as a Word document (.doc) or Rich Text Format (.rtf) file.

The manuscript well-typed in a single column on A4 size paper, uses 12 pt of Times New Roman. The manuscript contains an original work and has potentially contributed to the highly scientific advancement.

The manuscript should contain the following section in order:

Title

Title of articles in English should describe the main content of manuscripts, be informative, concise, and not too wordy (12-17 words only), and do not contain formulas. The title describes the conducted research, Times New Roman, Font size 16, single line spacing, 0 pt after spacing.

The author-name

Full name without academic degrees and titles, written in capital letters. Manuscript written by groups needs to supplemented by complete contact details.

Name of affiliation for each author

The author's name should be accompanied by a complete affiliation address and corresponding email.

Abstract

Abstract, which comprised of approximately 200 -250 words, provides a brief description of research problems, aims, methods used, and results. It emphasizes research results which written in single line spacing. 3 to 5 keywords must be written to describe the research scope observed as well as the main terms undergirding the research. These keywords can be single and/or combined words.

Keywords: Written in English 3-5 words or groups of words, written alphabetically.

Introduction

The introduction comprises: (1) research problem; (2) insight and problem solve planning; (3) research aims; (4) summary of theoretical studies related to the observed problems. This section could also provide the expected results. The introduction must be written in single line spacing.

This template format was made in MS Word (.doc) which then been saved in Rich Text Format (.rtf) and can be downloaded in http://journal.unj.ac.id/unj/index.php/biosfer. It enables the authors to prepare their manuscripts that meet the Biosferjpb conditions properly. The body articles must be written in Times New Roman, font size 12, 0 pt before spacing, and 0 pt after spacing.

Methods

Basically, this section describes the way the research was done. The main materials must be written here: (1) research design; (2) population and samples; (3) sample collection techniques and instrumental development; (4) procedure; (5) data analysis techniques.

The specification and type of tools and materials must be written in case the researches have been conducted by using them.

The qualitative research, such as classroom action research, case studies, and so forth, need to mention the researcher attendance, research subject, and participated informants, as well as the methods used to explore the data, research location, research duration, and the description of research results validation.

It is suggested that the authors avoid organizing the article content into smaller parts than the second subheading in this section. However, in the case of unavoidable factors, the writing style must follow the "Results and Discussion" section.

Results and Discussion

This section is the main part of the research result article in which the fixed results are served. The data analysis processes, such as statistical computing and hypothesis testing, are not necessary to be served. The materials reported are the analysis results and hypothesis testing results. In addition, tables and graphics are also can be showed to enunciate the verbal narration. Tables and images must be given comment or discussion. The details of qualitative research written in some sub-topics which directly related to the focused category.

The discussion of the article aims to: (1) answer the problems and research questions; (2) show the ways the findings obtained; (3) interpret the findings; (4) relate the finding results to the settled-knowledge structure; (5) bring up new theories or modify the existing theories.

Research results must be clearly concluded in answering the research questions. Interpreting the findings should be done by using logic and present theories. The findings in form of facts found in the research fields are integrated into previous researches or present theories. This must be supported by reliable references. In case the researchers bring new theories, the old theories can be confirmed or rejected, or modify the old theories.

In some cases, it is unavoidable to organize an article by making sub-headings. Thus, this is the format to write Biosferjpb manuscripts with sub-headings. In this section, there are specific rules which cannot be separated in an article.

Conclusion

This part provides a summary of results and discussion which refers to the research aims. Thus, the new principal ideas, which are an essential part of the research findings, are developed.

The suggestions, which are arranged based on research discussed-findings, are also written in this part. These should be based on practical activities, new theoretical development, and or advanced research.

Acknowledgment

This section can be written in case there are certain parties that need to be acknowledged, such as research sponsors. The acknowledgment must be written in brief and clear. In addition, avoid hyperbole acknowledgment.

References

The citation an referencing contains information about sources that have been referenced in the body of the writing, a minimum of 20 bibliography. Referrals must be found online, at least 80% of journals and 20% of books. The reference must be the last 10 years and use mendeley or zotero. The library reference format follows the APA Citation Style way and uses Bodynote citations. For each library referenced in the manuscript must appear in the bibliography, and vice versa every library that appears in the bibliography must have been referenced in the body of the writing.

For Example:

Edited Book:

Margianti, E.S. (2003). The relationship between attitudes and achievement of university students in computer classrooms in Indonesia. In M.S. Khine & D. Fisher (Eds.), Technology-rich learning environments. A future perspective (pp. 71-96). Singapore: World Scientific

Book

Zubaidah, S & Corebima, D.A. (2016). Remap-Coople (Reading-Concept Map-Cooperative Learning). Malang: Aditya Media Publishing.

eBook or online book

Niemann, S., Greenstein, D., & David, D. (2004). Helping children who are deaf: Family and community support for children who do not hear well. Retrieved from http://www.hesperian.org/ publications_download_deaf.php

Taylor, N. & Whannell, R. (2017). Assessing science teaching and learning in the classroom. In G. Woolcott & R. Whannell (Eds.), Teaching Secondary Science: Theory and practice (pp. 323-347). Cambridge University Press: UK.https://doi.org/10.1017/9781316882535.018

An article/ chapter in eBook

Williams, J., & Nieuwsma, J. (2016). Screening for depression in adults. In J. A. Melin (Ed.), UpToDate. Retrieved from https://www.uptodate.com/contents/screening-for- depression-in-adults.

Dictionary / Encyclopaedia print

VandenBos, G. R. (Ed.). (2007). APA dictionary of psychology. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

Dictionary / Encyclopaedia online

Arcus, D. (2001). Attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). In B. Strickland (Ed.), The Gale encyclopedia of psychology. Retrieved from http://www.gale.cengage.com/

Note: If retrieved from a database, do a Web search for the home page of the publisher of the encyclopedia and use the URL in the reference.

Journal article with one author separated paging (paginated by issue)

Jackson, A. (2007). New approaches to drug therapy. Psychology Today and Tomorrow, 27(1), 54-59.

Sele, Y. (2019). Optimizing the potential of children learning in science (clis) with brain gym: review on human circulatory concepts. Biosfer: Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi, 12(2), 238-248. https://doi.org/10.21009/biosferjpb.v12n2.238-248

Journal article with two authors continuous paging throughout a volume.

Kramer, E., & Bloggs, T. (2002). On quality in art and art therapy. American Journal of Art Therapy, 40, 218-231.

Journal article with three to five authors

Mufida, S. N., Sigit, D. V., & Ristanto, R. H. (2020). Integrated project-based e-learning with science, technology, engineering, arts, and mathematics (PjBeL-STEAM): its effect on science process skills. Biosfer: Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi, 13(2), 183-200. https://doi.org/10.21009/biosferjpb.v13n2.183-200

Journal article with six to seven authors

Fajar, D.M., Ramli, M., Ariyanto, J., Widoretno, S., Sajidan, Prasetyanti, N. M. (2020). Enhancing students’ thinking skills through project-based learning in biology. Biosfer: Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi, 13(2), 230-249. https://doi.org/10.21009/biosferjpb.v13n2.230-249

Journal article with eight or more authors

Darmawan, E., Alamsyah, M. R. N., Permadani, K. G., Pamungkas, S. J., Prajoko, S., Sukmawati, I., ... Zamzami, M. R. A. (2019). Integration of Simas eric with google classroom: enhancing biology student motivation and scientific writing. Biosfer: Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi, 12(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.21009/biosferjpb.v12n1.1-12

Journal or magazine article with no volume or issue number

Wychick, J., & Thompson, L. (2005, November 24). Fallen for a scam lately? AustraliaToday, 54-60.

Newspaper article with an author

Waterford, J. (2007, May 30). Bill of Rights gets it wrong. The Canberra Times, p. 1

Newspaper article without an author

Internet pioneer to oversee network redesign. (2007, May 28). The Canberra Times, p. 15.

Article in an online newsletter

Australians and the Western Front. (2009, November). Ozculture newsletter. Retrieved from http://www.cultureandrecreation.gov.au/ newsletter/

Conference or seminar papers in published proceedings print

Edge, M. (1996). Lifetime prediction: Fact or fancy? In M. S. Koch, T. Padfield, J. S. Johnsen, & U. B. Kejser (Eds.), Proceedings of the Conference on Research Techniques in Photographic Conservation (pp. 97-100). Copenhagen, Denmark: Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts.

Conference or seminar papers in published proceedings online

Tester, J. W. (2008). The future of geothermal energy as a major global energy supplier. In H. Gurgenci & A. R. Budd (Eds.), Proceedings of the Sir Mark Oliphant International Frontiers of Science and Technology Australian Geothermal Energy Conference, Canberra, Australia: Geoscience Australia. Retrieved from http://www.ga.gov.au/image_cache/ GA11825.pdf

Government department as author

Submission. Articles should be submitted to the Bioedunis Journal online submission at submissions.

The manuscript should contain the following section in order:

Title

The author-name

Full name without academic degrees and titles, written in capital letters. Manuscript written by groups needs to supplemented by complete contact details.

Name of affiliation for each author

The author's name should be accompanied by a complete affiliation address and corresponding email.

Abstract

Keywords: Written in English 3-5 words or groups of words, written alphabetically.

Introduction

Methods

The specification and type of tools and materials must be written in case the researches have been conducted by using them.

Results and Discussion

Conclusion

This part provides a summary of results and discussion which refers to the research aims. Thus, the new principal ideas, which are an essential part of the research findings, are developed.

Acknowledgment

References

For Example:

Edited Book:

Book

Zubaidah, S & Corebima, D.A. (2016). Remap-Coople (Reading-Concept Map-Cooperative Learning). Malang: Aditya Media Publishing.

eBook or online book

An article/ chapter in eBook

Williams, J., & Nieuwsma, J. (2016). Screening for depression in adults. In J. A. Melin (Ed.), UpToDate. Retrieved from https://www.uptodate.com/contents/screening-for- depression-in-adults.

Dictionary / Encyclopaedia print

VandenBos, G. R. (Ed.). (2007). APA dictionary of psychology. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

Dictionary / Encyclopaedia online

Arcus, D. (2001). Attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). In B. Strickland (Ed.), The Gale encyclopedia of psychology. Retrieved from http://www.gale.cengage.com/

Note: If retrieved from a database, do a Web search for the home page of the publisher of the encyclopedia and use the URL in the reference.

Journal article with one author separated paging (paginated by issue)

Jackson, A. (2007). New approaches to drug therapy. Psychology Today and Tomorrow, 27(1), 54-59.

Journal article with two authors continuous paging throughout a volume.

Kramer, E., & Bloggs, T. (2002). On quality in art and art therapy. American Journal of Art Therapy, 40, 218-231.

Journal article with three to five authors

Journal article with six to seven authors

Journal article with eight or more authors

Journal or magazine article with no volume or issue number

Wychick, J., & Thompson, L. (2005, November 24). Fallen for a scam lately? AustraliaToday, 54-60.

Newspaper article with an author

Waterford, J. (2007, May 30). Bill of Rights gets it wrong. The Canberra Times, p. 1

Newspaper article without an author

Internet pioneer to oversee network redesign. (2007, May 28). The Canberra Times, p. 15.

Article in an online newsletter

Australians and the Western Front. (2009, November). Ozculture newsletter. Retrieved from http://www.cultureandrecreation.gov.au/ newsletter/

Conference or seminar papers in published proceedings print

Conference or seminar papers in published proceedings online

Government department as author

Department of Finance and Administration. (2006). Delivering Australian Government services: Managing multiple channels. Canberra, Australia: Author.

Thesis or Dissertation print

Duddle, M. (2009). Intraprofessional relations in nursing: A case study (Unpublished doctoral thesis), University of Sydney, Australia.

Thesis or Dissertation retrieved from the web

Lacey, D. (2011). The role of humiliation in collective political violence (Masters thesis, University of Sydney, Australia). Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2123/7128

of Finance and Administration. (2006). Delivering Australian Government services: Managing multiple channels. Canberra, Australia: Author.

Thesis or Dissertation print

Duddle, M. (2009). Intraprofessional relations in nursing: A case study (Unpublished doctoral thesis), University of Sydney, Australia.

Thesis or Dissertation retrieved from the web

Lacey, D. (2011). The role of humiliation in collective political violence (Masters thesis, University of Sydney, Australia). Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2123/7128

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Indexing and Abstracting

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